CNC Machining

Technical articles on CNC machining processes, machining problems, tooling, surface finish, tolerances, and practical shop-floor solutions.

Surface grinding a hardened tool steel part

Surface Grinding: Process, Tolerances, Finish & Uses

Surface grinding is a precision machining process used to produce flat surfaces, control part thickness, and improve flatness, parallelism, and surface finish. A rotating abrasive wheel removes small amounts of material while the workpiece moves beneath it on a reciprocating or rotary table.

The process is commonly used after CNC milling or heat treatment when …

Wire EDM machining a precision internal profile in hardened tool steel

Electrical Discharge Machining: Process, Types & Uses

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-contact manufacturing process that removes material from an electrically conductive workpiece through a series of controlled electrical discharges. Instead of using a cutting edge, an electrical discharge machine creates sparks across a small gap between the electrode and the workpiece. Each discharge removes a microscopic amount of material.

EDM …

Manual deburring of a CNC machined aluminum part

Deburring: Definition, Methods, Tools, and CNC Applications

A CNC machined part can meet every dimensional tolerance and still fail during assembly. A small burr around a drilled hole may stop two surfaces from seating correctly. A loose burr inside a hydraulic manifold can break away and block a valve. On parts handled by operators, an untreated edge can also become a safety …

Rectangular CNC machined aluminum manifold with multiple threaded ports in a machine workshop

CNC Machined Manifolds: Types, Materials, and Cost

CNC machined manifolds combine internal passages, threaded ports, valve locations, and mounting features in a single block. They are used to distribute or control hydraulic oil, compressed air, water, coolant, gas, and vacuum within industrial equipment.

A custom manifold can replace several separate hoses, fittings, and connection points, helping the system fit into a smaller …

CNC machined robot joint, motor, and arm components on an industrial worktable

CNC Robotics Parts: Custom Machining, Materials, and Prototyping

Robotics is becoming a larger part of industrial automation, logistics, inspection, warehouse systems, and product development. According to the International Federation of Robotics, 542,000 industrial robots were installed worldwide in 2024, more than twice the number installed ten years earlier. Annual installations have also remained above 500,000 units for four consecutive years.

As robotics expands …

Custom CNC machined aluminum and anodized brackets on an industrial workbench

Custom CNC Machined Brackets: Types, Materials, and Cost

Custom CNC machined brackets are used when standard L brackets, U brackets, or catalog mounting hardware cannot match the required mounting position, hole pattern, thickness, clearance, load, or assembly layout. They are commonly made for motors, sensors, cameras, electronic enclosures, fixtures, machine modules, industrial equipment, and custom products.

A bracket may look simple, but it …

Custom small CNC machined metal parts

Small Parts CNC Machining: Materials, Processes, Tolerances, and Costs

Small parts CNC machining is used to produce compact metal or plastic components such as pins, shafts, bushings, sleeves, threaded parts, connectors, sensor housings, small brackets, and precision spacers. These parts may be physically small, but they often have demanding requirements for hole position, thread quality, burr control, surface finish, and repeatability.

Small CNC machined …

CNC machined aluminum heat sink

CNC Heat Sink Design: How to Design for Production

A heat sink is not designed well simply because it has more fins or uses a more expensive metal. Its real performance depends on how heat leaves the component, how quickly it spreads through the heat sink, whether air can move around the fins, how the part is mounted, and how the design will be …

CNC machined aluminum enclosure

CNC Enclosure: Materials, Design Tips, Costs, and Alternatives

A CNC enclosure is a custom housing machined from a solid block of metal or engineering plastic. It is commonly used for electronic devices, controllers, sensors, instruments, battery systems, robotics modules, and industrial equipment.

A well-designed CNC enclosure does more than cover the components inside it. It can hold a circuit board in the correct …

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